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Search Engine Optimization Tutorials StepByStep

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Hi Everyone,

My name is Sushant dass, I am Business Developer @ treewalker  and i am going to introduce basic of SEO with step by step instructions.
SEO Definition:
SEO Stands for Search Engine Optimization.
SEO is all about optimizing a web site for Search Engines.
SEO is the process of designing and developing a web site to rank well in search engine results.
SEO is to improve the volume and quality of traffic to a web site from search engines.
SEO is a subset of search engine marketing.
SEO is the art of ranking in the search engines.
SEO is marketing by understanding how search algorithms work and what human visitors might search.

This is the best thing i found to describe the SEO if you want a other way around here it is:

SEO is a technique which helps search engines find and rank your site higher than the millions of other sites in response to a search query. SEO thus helps you get traffic from search engines.

Various way a Search Engine Works:

Search engines perform several activities in order to deliver search results

    Crawling
    Indexing
    Processing
    Calculating Relevancy
    Retrieving Results

Each of these activities perform by a search engine effects the ranking of a site we will carry on these in detail as we move forward

White Hat and Black Hat SEO:


There always remain a Good and a Bad Side of every thing in this World.Same Goes for SEO as Well.It’s a quiet a time from SEO existence there are people who are got the first hand on SEO for there personal benefits, Hence the Laws has been forged by Development Community and Webmasters are developed for placing and development of rules and standards for Search Engine Optimization,The terms are Coined White hat and Black hat SEO.White Hat follows the Guideline Provided by the Webmaster for Successive SEO of a webpage and Black hat do exactly opposite to conquer the top position in a search .

White Hat SEO:

• If it conforms to the search engine’s guidelines.
• If it does not involves any deception.
• It ensures that the content a search engine indexes and subsequently ranks is the same content a user will see.
• It ensures that a Web Page content should have been created for the users and not just for the search engines.
• It ensures the good quality of the web pages
• It ensures the useful content available on the web pages

Black Hat SEO :

• Try to improve rankings that are disapproved of by the search engines and/or involve deception.
• Redirecting users from a page that is built for search engines to one that is more human friendly.
• Redirecting users to a page that was different from the page the search engined ranked.
• Serving one version of a page to search engine spiders/bots and another version to human visitors. This is called Cloaking SEO tactic.
• Using Hidden or invisible text or with the page background color, using a tiny font size or hiding them within the HTML code such as “no frame” sections.
• Repeating keywords in the Meta tags, and using keywords that are unrelated to the site’s content. This is called Meta tag stuffing.
• Calculated placement of keywords within a page to raise the keyword count, variety, and density of the page. This is called Keyword stuffing .
• Creating low-quality web pages that contain very little content but are instead stuffed with very similar key words and phrases. These pages are called Doorway or Gateway Pages
• Mirror web sites by hosting multiple web sites all with conceptually similar content but using different URLs.
• Creating a rogue copy of a popular web site which shows contents similar to the original to a web crawler, but redirects web surfers to unrelated or malicious web sites. This is called Page hijacking.

Importance’s of Web Domain:

While choosing a domain name you should consider the followings:

  • Who would be your target audience.
  • What you intend to sell to them. Is it a tangible item or just text content.
  • What will make your business idea unique or different than everything else that is already on the market.

File Naming Convention for SEO:

  • The filename should preferably be short and descriptive. Its always good to use same keywords in file name as well as in page title.
  • Don’t use file names like service.htm or job.htm. But use actual service name in your file name like computer-repairing.htm
  • Don’t use more than 3-4 words in file name and separate them with hyphens rather than underscores. Try to use 2 keywords if possible.

upgrade magento to 1.5 or latest version

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To upgrade the magento from 1.3.x ,1.4.x to 1.5.x or 1.6.x:
Take the backup of the site and database
Download the magento
$ wget http://www.magentocommerce.com/downloads/assets/1.5.1.0/magento-1.5.1.0.tar.gz
Extract it
$ tar xvfz magento-1.5.1.0.tar.gz
Flush Cache
$ rm -rf var/cache/*
$ rm -rf downloader/pearlib/cache/* downloader/pearlib/download/*
Remove the ‘downloader’ and ‘app/design/frontend/base’ directory
$ rm -rf downloader
$ rm -rf app/design/frontend/base

Copy ‘downloader’ and ‘app/design/frontend/base’ folder from magento-1.5.1.0
$ cp -a magento/downloader .
$ cp -a magento/app/design/frontend/base/ app/design/frontend/

$ cp magento/mage .
$ chmod 550 ./mage

Upgrade now :
$ ./mage mage-setup .
$ ./mage sync –force
$ ./mage install http://connect20.magentocommerce.com/community Mage_All_Latest –force
$ rm -rf var/cache/* var/session/*
$ rm -rf downloader/pearlib/cache/* downloader/pearlib/download/*
$ chmod 755 mage
$ php shell/indexer.php reindexall
$ ./mage upgrade-all –force
( NOTE: you may skip this ‘upgrade-all’ step if you just went ahead and did the following:

$ yes | cp -Rf magento/* . #this copies over all the magento files you extracted over your current installation

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To know more about the upgrade , follow this link:
Upgrade magento

Reindexing in Magento using command line

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When running Magento is dealing with the indexes that it relies on. Usually you can do this from the admin panel by going to System -> Index Management.

When indexing fails from the admin panel you get a message saying that it failed with no reason why it failed. Now in most cases you cannot ignore this.

Admin & Frontend turned 404 Error after website change

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Sometime after the magento upgrade , magento shows 404 error for the when we try to access the frontend and admin .
To fix this issue, you can follow 2 steps :

In the index.php page in your root directory change :
Mage::run();
by
Mage::run(’default’);

or

Run the below query , but take the db dabckup before you run the query
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
UPDATE `core_store` SET store_id = 0 WHERE code=’admin’;
UPDATE `core_store_group` SET group_id = 0 WHERE name=’Default’;
UPDATE `core_website` SET website_id = 0 WHERE code=’admin’;
UPDATE `customer_group` SET customer_group_id = 0 WHERE customer_group_code=’NOT LOGGED IN’;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=1;

Zend Framework & MVC Introduction

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Zend Framework is an open source, object oriented web application framework for PHP 5. Zend Framework is often called a ‘component library’, because it has many loosely coupled components that you can use more or less independently. But Zend Framework also provides an advanced Model-View-Controller (MVC) implementation that can be used to establish a basic structure for your Zend Framework applications. A full list of Zend Framework components along with short descriptions may be found in the » components overview. This QuickStart will introduce you to some of Zend Framework’s most commonly used components, including Zend_Controller, Zend_Layout, Zend_Config, Zend_Db, Zend_Db_Table, Zend_Registry, along with a few view helpers.

Model-View-Controller

mvc architecture

MVC Architecture

Model – This is the part of your application that defines its basic functionality behind a set of abstractions. Data access routines and some business logic can be defined in the model.

View – Views define exactly what is presented to the user. Usually controllers pass data to each view to render in some format. Views will often collect data from the user, as well. This is where you’re likely to find HTML markup in your MVC applications.

Controller – Controllers bind the whole pattern together. They manipulate models, decide which view to display based on the user’s request and other factors, pass along the data that each view will need, or hand off control to another controller entirely.

Upgrade magento to higher version

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There are different ways to upgrade magento to higher version. The best approach I find to upgrade is follow the below steps:

1) Take the backup of the current database.
2) Upload the latest magento on the server in a new folder say like “newmagento”
3) Create a separate database say “newdb” and run the sql dump of the current database in that.
4) Point the new database to the latest magento by doing changes in the “local.xml” file.
5) Make the necessary changes in the database table “core_config_data” by changing the base url in the latest database “newdb”
6) Run the url of the new magento url in your browser and let it process unless it shows the magento home page.

This process will upgrade your current site to current magento version.